**LiangChai: Dear ALL Readers, 祝您和您的家人新年快乐,财源滚滚,吉祥高照,鸿运当头
理财永远不嫌晚,赚$$$$$$一定有方法!
坚持两个原则:
1.不买亏蚀公司的股票,除非是在可以预见的将来可以转亏为盈。
2.不买不派息公司的股票,除非公司具有明显成长潜能。
FYI. If my blog can't view with IE8, Kindly use others web browser such as google chrome, maxthon, opera, firefox, IE9 etc... Thanks
Showing posts with label 节日. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 节日. Show all posts
Saturday, February 9, 2013
祝大家蛇年行大运...HUAT AR!!!
**LiangChai: Dear ALL Readers, 祝您和您的家人新年快乐,财源滚滚,吉祥高照,鸿运当头
Monday, December 31, 2012
Happy New Year 2013
**LiangChai : 一直都很喜欢以下的这一段话,仅此2012的最后一天,献给身边
「在一切變好之前,我們總要經歷一些不開心的日子,這段日子也許
Sunday, August 19, 2012
Saturday, June 23, 2012
Friday, May 4, 2012
Happy Wesak Day
农历四月十五日
解说:
卫塞的意义是“月圆”之意,卫塞节是马来西亚佛教节日之中最重大 的日子,卫塞节在马来西亚也是公共节日,这一天列为全国公共假期 是当年大马佛教徒争取的成果。
以本日为假期也代表国家尊重各族人民的信仰自由,是佛教在马来西 亚自由传播的一种表现。
印度佛教虽然一开始带着本民族的色彩,但佛教是一个强调圆融的宗 教,传入中国汉族地区的佛教,经过长期的经典传译、讲习、融化, 与中国传统文化相结合,已 形成具有汉族特点的各种北传佛教学派和宗派,并随着华人在大马落 地生根而深入民间。大马的华人另外又接触到藏传佛教与南传佛教的 交流影响。
南北两系佛教的各宗派对佛诞、佛成道日与涅盘的日期,各有不同说 法。
其中一个佛教传说认为,教主释迦牟尼佛,是在公元前623年的这 一天,降生於印度尼泊尔边境的迦毗罗国(Kapilavastu ),又於15年後的这一天,在今日印度法尔库的内兰遮拉河河畔的 一棵菩提树下,开悟成佛。
而後,成道49年的佛陀,也是於这一天涅盘。所以每年这一个月圆 之日,对佛教徒有特殊的意义。
马来西亚最早的卫塞节公共假日,是在1949年3月1日,由槟城 州各佛教团体代表为主,召开500人会议,议决向当地政府争取的 结果。这项会议後来争取到各地佛教组织一致支持向政府申请。
在当年终於获得槟城、马六甲、霹雳、吉打四州英殖政府同意,并获 得雪兰莪、吉兰丹、丁加奴、森美兰及玻璃市政府接纳为佛教徒政府 公务员休假日。
马来亚列卫塞节为公共假期是1962年大马佛教总会成立後争取的 结果。後来砂劳越(1979年)、沙巴(1986年)、纳闽岛( 1988年),相继接纳卫塞月圆之日为公共假期。
全马来西亚各地区遂联合以这一日作为公共假期,让佛教徒庆祝宗教 圣日,这也是各种族尊重国内宗教自由的象徵。
习俗:
1)各寺庙会在这一日举行宗教仪式,包括诵经、说法,以及各种表 演与庆祝活动;也包括举行盛大的游行。
在槟城,是由马佛总每年主办和发动全槟城佛教组织参与节日游行。 除了各自的庆祝活动,各佛教组织也派出成员,组成大规模的队伍, 参加佛总主办的“卫塞节”游行,引导圣像游行。
2)善信们除了到各寺庙拜佛,一些寺庙,也在庙中举行浴佛仪式, 让善信到寺庙为释迦的婴孩铜像沐浴。铜像表现释迦初生形象,右手 指天,左手指地。
信徒在为释尊铜像沐浴後,又会以瓶子装了沐浴过佛像的花水,取回 家里供一家人沐浴之用,他们相信由这可以保佑合家平安、福星高照 、吉祥如意以及万事一帆风顺。
传说:
1)释迦牟尼初生之日,下地行走了7步,右手指天,左手指地,宣 布:“天上天下,唯我独尊”,因此,沐浴佛像都以婴孩像为标准。
2)传说,佛陀出生的时候,有9条天龙喷香雨沐浴佛身,因此每遇 佛诞,佛教徒便举行浴佛活动。
意义:
释迦的手势,昭示世人,每一个“我”都是尊贵的,应该自重自惜也 更应受人尊重与珍惜。
并且,它也告示人类,每一个生命都应拥有自主权,因此也会承担自 己的身、口、意三业所造成的一切果报。
而因此,也就有必要发现自我的真相,这是打破执着与迷妄的重要起 步。
解说:
卫塞的意义是“月圆”之意,卫塞节是马来西亚佛教节日之中最重大
以本日为假期也代表国家尊重各族人民的信仰自由,是佛教在马来西
印度佛教虽然一开始带着本民族的色彩,但佛教是一个强调圆融的宗
南北两系佛教的各宗派对佛诞、佛成道日与涅盘的日期,各有不同说
其中一个佛教传说认为,教主释迦牟尼佛,是在公元前623年的这
而後,成道49年的佛陀,也是於这一天涅盘。所以每年这一个月圆
马来西亚最早的卫塞节公共假日,是在1949年3月1日,由槟城
在当年终於获得槟城、马六甲、霹雳、吉打四州英殖政府同意,并获
马来亚列卫塞节为公共假期是1962年大马佛教总会成立後争取的
全马来西亚各地区遂联合以这一日作为公共假期,让佛教徒庆祝宗教
习俗:
1)各寺庙会在这一日举行宗教仪式,包括诵经、说法,以及各种表
在槟城,是由马佛总每年主办和发动全槟城佛教组织参与节日游行。
2)善信们除了到各寺庙拜佛,一些寺庙,也在庙中举行浴佛仪式,
信徒在为释尊铜像沐浴後,又会以瓶子装了沐浴过佛像的花水,取回
传说:
1)释迦牟尼初生之日,下地行走了7步,右手指天,左手指地,宣
2)传说,佛陀出生的时候,有9条天龙喷香雨沐浴佛身,因此每遇
意义:
释迦的手势,昭示世人,每一个“我”都是尊贵的,应该自重自惜也
并且,它也告示人类,每一个生命都应拥有自主权,因此也会承担自
而因此,也就有必要发现自我的真相,这是打破执着与迷妄的重要起
Monday, February 13, 2012
Happy Valentine's Day 祝大家情人节快乐 ^^
Happy Valentine's Day to all my reader. Thank you for your support ^^
祝大家情人节快乐~~(◜◡‾)(‾◡◝)
Thursday, January 19, 2012
Happy Chinese New Year
May the spirit of dragon, be righteous and enlighten for a wiser choice. Happy Chinese New Year and happy holiday to all my reader, Thanks.
新年將至,祝你在新的一年,
一帆風順,
二龍騰飛,
三羊開泰,
四季平安,
五福臨門,
六六大順,
七星高照,
八方來財,
九九同心,
十全十美,
百事亨通,
千事吉祥,
萬事如意!
HUAT AR!!!!! ^^
Sunday, January 1, 2012
Saturday, December 24, 2011
Wednesday, October 26, 2011
Happy Deepavali
I would like to wish a Happy Deepavali to all my Indian friends and happy holidays to all Malaysians and visitors abroad.
Friday, September 16, 2011
Happy Malaysia Day
Malaysia Day is held on September 16 every year to commemorate the establishment of the Malaysian federation on the same date in 1963. It marked the joining together of Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak, and Singapore to form Malaysia. The formation of the new federation was planned to occur on June 1, 1963, but was later postponed to August 31, 1963, in order to coincide with the sixth Hari Merdeka. Several issues related to the Indonesian and the Filipino objection to the formation of Malaysia delayed the declaration to September 16 of the same year. The postponement was also done to allow the United Nations team time to conduct referendums in North Borneo (now Sabah) and Sarawak regarding the two states participation in a new federation.[1]
The formation of Malaysia was made possible through the introduction of the Malaysia Bill to the Malayan Parliament on July 9, 1963, and consent from the Yang di-Pertuan Agong on August 29, 1963.[1]
Prior to the formation of Malaysia, Sarawak gained its independence on July 22 1963 while Singapore and North Borneo (which was renamed Sabah) unilaterally declared independence from the United Kingdom on August 31, 1963, thus coinciding with the sixth anniversary of the Malayan independence.
Beginning year 2010, September 16 is a federal public holiday.[2] It coincides with the birthday of the Yang di-Pertua of Sabah.[3]
Sunday, September 11, 2011
Tuesday, August 30, 2011
Selamat Hari Merdeka
MERDEKA! MERDEKA! MERDEKA!
Selamat Hari Merdeka to all my friend ^^
国庆日快乐!!!
National Day, also called Merdeka Day, is celebrated in Malaysia on 31st August each year. It celebrates the granting of independence on 31st August 1957.
Malaysia is a federation of thirteen states in Southeast Asia. The country consists of two distinct geographical regions divided by the South China Sea.
Peninsular Malaysia (also Mainland or West Malaysia) lies on the Malay Peninsula, South of the border with Thailand and is connected by the Johor-Singapore Causeway and the Malaysia-Singapore Second Link (or Tuas Second Link) to the South with the island state of Singapore. The island of Penang (also connected by a bridge) is regarded as being part of mainland Malaysia.
On the mainland there are nine sultanates (Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Selangor and Terengganu), two states headed by governors (Malacca and Penang), and two federal territories (Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur).
Malaysian Borneo (or East Malaysia) occupies the northern part of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia and surrounding the Sultanate of Brunei. It consists of the states of Sabah and Sarawak and the federal territory (an island) of Labuan.
The name "Malaysia" was adopted in 1963 when the Federation of Malaya, Singapore, Sabah (formerly North Borneo) and Sarawak formed a 14-state federation. Singapore was expelled from the federation in 1965 and became an independent country.
Although politically dominated by the Malays, modern Malaysian society is heterogeneous, with substantial Chinese and Indian minorities. Malaysian politics have been noted for their allegedly communal nature – with each of the three major component parties of the Barisan Nasional restricting membership to those of one of the three ethnic groups. However, the only major intercommunal violence the country has seen since independence was the 13th May 1969 racial riots, which occurred in the wake of an election campaign that was dominated by racial issues.
Historically, modern Malaysia is actually made up of a number of states with very different backgrounds, traditions, peoples and cultures. The existence of nine Sultanates means nine separate Kingdoms, for a start.
Malacca apart (which was originally Portuguese, then Dutch) all the states in the federation are quintessentially "British" in many ways, although the traditions of India and in particular China are reflected in some of the older architecture, and the fact that Kedah, Perlis, Terengganu and Kelantan were originally part of Thailand does not escape the discerning eye.
The British established their first colony on the Malay peninsula in 1786, with the lease of the island of Penang to the British East India Company by the Sultan of Kedah. In 1824, the British took control of Malacca following the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of that year, which divided the Malaya archipelago between Britain and the Netherlands, with Malaya in the British zone.
In 1826, Britain established a Crown Colony which they called the Straits Settlements, which united its three possessions in Malaya: Penang, Malacca and Singapore. The Straits Settlements were administered by the East India Company in Calcutta until 1867, when they were transferred to the Colonial Office in London.
In the late 19th century, several Malay states decided to enlist British help in settling their internal conflicts. The commercial importance of tin mining in the Malay states to the merchants of the Straits Settlements led to British government intervention in the tin-producing states in the Malay Peninsula. British "gunboat diplomacy" was employed to bring about a peaceful resolution to civil disturbances caused by Chinese gangsters, and the Pangkor Treaty of 1874 paved the way for the expansion of British influence in Malaya.
By the turn of the 20th century the Sultanates of Pahang, Selangor, Perak, and Negeri Sembilan, known together as the Federated Malay States (not to be confused with the Federation of Malaya), were under the de facto control of the British Residents, appointed advisors to the Malay rulers. The British were "advisers" by name but in reality they were the puppetmasters, controlling the actions of the Malay rulers. The other states all accepted "advice" from the British, and eventually Residents were appointed.
On the island of Borneo, Sabah was governed as the Crown colony of British North Borneo (originally it was governed by a private company), while Sarawak was a gift from the Sultan of Brunei – given as a personal "thank you" to the Brooke family, who ruled as White Rajahs.
Following World War II when almost all of modern Malaysia was physically occupied by the Japanese, there was increasing popular support for independence. The British planned to form the Malayan Union and combine all the mainland states into a single Crown colony under one administration – a plan which faltered against strong opposition from the Malay rulers, amongst others, and because it would have given the Chinese community citizenship. The Union, created in 1946, was replaced in 1948 by the Federation of Malaya which embraced the 11 mainland states, but not Singapore.
The British also at the time had another problem on their hands, as the Communist Party of Malaya were engaging in a guerrilla war intended to eject the British and create a communist state on the peninsula. This problem started in 1948 and continued through to 1960, and meant that a significant number of British (and Commonwealth) troops were engaged on anti- and counter-insurgency measures in what was called the Malayan Emergency.
The author had the pleasure of working on one project in Malaysia on which the principal technical advisor was Major-General Sir Jeremy Moore, KCB, CB, OBE, MC, Land deputy to CINC Fleet and later Commander Land Forces Falkland Islands. During our times in Malaysia we had to travel "up country" on a number of occasions into areas in which Sir Jeremy, as a young officer, had been engaged in battles with the communist insurgents. His recollections of the time were that it was very "hair-raising" and that the locals said that the communist fighters were every bit as tenacious as the Japanese who had occupied the country only a few years earlier.
Against this backdrop, independence for the Federation (the nine mainland states) within the British Commonwealth was granted on 31st August 1957.
Anyone who has ever been in Malaysia at the time of National Day – or Merdeka Day – will know that the celebrations start weeks beforehand, as flags, banners, decorations and all manner of festival tableaux begin to be put into place.
The author has had the pleasure of spending a great deal of time in Malaysia, travelling to all parts and in his own way making a small contribution to the national good. He can vouch for the fact that the Malaysians, encouraged by the Government and state television and radio, celebrate enthusiastically.
The fact that Merdeka Day is celebrated on 31st August does cause some resentment in East Malaysia – Sabah and Sarawak – as they regard their independence as being the forming of Malaysia on 16th September 1963 and not the earlier date.
One unusual feature of Malaysia is the fact that they have a national King, selected by a quite unique method and which is determined by rota. Malaysia is a federal constitutional elective monarchy. The federal head of state of Malaysia is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commonly referred to as the King of Malaysia. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected to a five-year term by rota from among the nine hereditary Sultans of the Malay states; the other four states, which have titular Governors, do not participate in the selection.
The 13th and current Yang di-Pertuan Agong is Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin, the Sultan of Terengganu. His reign began on 13th December 2006.
Selamat Hari Merdeka to all my friend ^^
国庆日快乐!!!
National Day, also called Merdeka Day, is celebrated in Malaysia on 31st August each year. It celebrates the granting of independence on 31st August 1957.
Malaysia is a federation of thirteen states in Southeast Asia. The country consists of two distinct geographical regions divided by the South China Sea.
Peninsular Malaysia (also Mainland or West Malaysia) lies on the Malay Peninsula, South of the border with Thailand and is connected by the Johor-Singapore Causeway and the Malaysia-Singapore Second Link (or Tuas Second Link) to the South with the island state of Singapore. The island of Penang (also connected by a bridge) is regarded as being part of mainland Malaysia.
On the mainland there are nine sultanates (Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Selangor and Terengganu), two states headed by governors (Malacca and Penang), and two federal territories (Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur).
Malaysian Borneo (or East Malaysia) occupies the northern part of the island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia and surrounding the Sultanate of Brunei. It consists of the states of Sabah and Sarawak and the federal territory (an island) of Labuan.
The name "Malaysia" was adopted in 1963 when the Federation of Malaya, Singapore, Sabah (formerly North Borneo) and Sarawak formed a 14-state federation. Singapore was expelled from the federation in 1965 and became an independent country.
Although politically dominated by the Malays, modern Malaysian society is heterogeneous, with substantial Chinese and Indian minorities. Malaysian politics have been noted for their allegedly communal nature – with each of the three major component parties of the Barisan Nasional restricting membership to those of one of the three ethnic groups. However, the only major intercommunal violence the country has seen since independence was the 13th May 1969 racial riots, which occurred in the wake of an election campaign that was dominated by racial issues.
Historically, modern Malaysia is actually made up of a number of states with very different backgrounds, traditions, peoples and cultures. The existence of nine Sultanates means nine separate Kingdoms, for a start.
Malacca apart (which was originally Portuguese, then Dutch) all the states in the federation are quintessentially "British" in many ways, although the traditions of India and in particular China are reflected in some of the older architecture, and the fact that Kedah, Perlis, Terengganu and Kelantan were originally part of Thailand does not escape the discerning eye.
The British established their first colony on the Malay peninsula in 1786, with the lease of the island of Penang to the British East India Company by the Sultan of Kedah. In 1824, the British took control of Malacca following the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of that year, which divided the Malaya archipelago between Britain and the Netherlands, with Malaya in the British zone.
In 1826, Britain established a Crown Colony which they called the Straits Settlements, which united its three possessions in Malaya: Penang, Malacca and Singapore. The Straits Settlements were administered by the East India Company in Calcutta until 1867, when they were transferred to the Colonial Office in London.
In the late 19th century, several Malay states decided to enlist British help in settling their internal conflicts. The commercial importance of tin mining in the Malay states to the merchants of the Straits Settlements led to British government intervention in the tin-producing states in the Malay Peninsula. British "gunboat diplomacy" was employed to bring about a peaceful resolution to civil disturbances caused by Chinese gangsters, and the Pangkor Treaty of 1874 paved the way for the expansion of British influence in Malaya.
By the turn of the 20th century the Sultanates of Pahang, Selangor, Perak, and Negeri Sembilan, known together as the Federated Malay States (not to be confused with the Federation of Malaya), were under the de facto control of the British Residents, appointed advisors to the Malay rulers. The British were "advisers" by name but in reality they were the puppetmasters, controlling the actions of the Malay rulers. The other states all accepted "advice" from the British, and eventually Residents were appointed.
On the island of Borneo, Sabah was governed as the Crown colony of British North Borneo (originally it was governed by a private company), while Sarawak was a gift from the Sultan of Brunei – given as a personal "thank you" to the Brooke family, who ruled as White Rajahs.
Following World War II when almost all of modern Malaysia was physically occupied by the Japanese, there was increasing popular support for independence. The British planned to form the Malayan Union and combine all the mainland states into a single Crown colony under one administration – a plan which faltered against strong opposition from the Malay rulers, amongst others, and because it would have given the Chinese community citizenship. The Union, created in 1946, was replaced in 1948 by the Federation of Malaya which embraced the 11 mainland states, but not Singapore.
The British also at the time had another problem on their hands, as the Communist Party of Malaya were engaging in a guerrilla war intended to eject the British and create a communist state on the peninsula. This problem started in 1948 and continued through to 1960, and meant that a significant number of British (and Commonwealth) troops were engaged on anti- and counter-insurgency measures in what was called the Malayan Emergency.
The author had the pleasure of working on one project in Malaysia on which the principal technical advisor was Major-General Sir Jeremy Moore, KCB, CB, OBE, MC, Land deputy to CINC Fleet and later Commander Land Forces Falkland Islands. During our times in Malaysia we had to travel "up country" on a number of occasions into areas in which Sir Jeremy, as a young officer, had been engaged in battles with the communist insurgents. His recollections of the time were that it was very "hair-raising" and that the locals said that the communist fighters were every bit as tenacious as the Japanese who had occupied the country only a few years earlier.
Against this backdrop, independence for the Federation (the nine mainland states) within the British Commonwealth was granted on 31st August 1957.
Anyone who has ever been in Malaysia at the time of National Day – or Merdeka Day – will know that the celebrations start weeks beforehand, as flags, banners, decorations and all manner of festival tableaux begin to be put into place.
The author has had the pleasure of spending a great deal of time in Malaysia, travelling to all parts and in his own way making a small contribution to the national good. He can vouch for the fact that the Malaysians, encouraged by the Government and state television and radio, celebrate enthusiastically.
The fact that Merdeka Day is celebrated on 31st August does cause some resentment in East Malaysia – Sabah and Sarawak – as they regard their independence as being the forming of Malaysia on 16th September 1963 and not the earlier date.
One unusual feature of Malaysia is the fact that they have a national King, selected by a quite unique method and which is determined by rota. Malaysia is a federal constitutional elective monarchy. The federal head of state of Malaysia is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, commonly referred to as the King of Malaysia. The Yang di-Pertuan Agong is elected to a five-year term by rota from among the nine hereditary Sultans of the Malay states; the other four states, which have titular Governors, do not participate in the selection.
The 13th and current Yang di-Pertuan Agong is Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin, the Sultan of Terengganu. His reign began on 13th December 2006.
Sunday, August 28, 2011
通过生辰八字命理忌讳 逾200人报名50人合格游地府
(槟城27日讯)共有超过200人报名参加“观落阴,游地府”,不过基于生辰八字及命理忌讳,最终只有数十人成功通过获游地府资格,取得通行证于周六晚赴一场地府游!
去国外旅行要护照和签证,去地府一游同样也要地府通行证,才不会被“遣送”回人世间。这个令人难以置信的事情确实在槟城上演,数十名有意参加由槟观音慈悲堂主办“观落阴,游地府”活动的人士,人人手中都有一张由主办单位发出的“游地府通行证”,作为地府一游的护照及签证。
据记者了解,有超过200人报名要参加此活动,惟部分人的生辰八字及命理忌讳,结果只有数十人获得游地府资格。通行证上印着主法人郭勇成妙慧上师的肖像,同时还附有幸运号码,让“团友”游地府之余还可以讨个好意头、发大财。
而在通行证后面还该有观音菩萨的印章,保护参与者在活动中平平安安。值得一提的是,本报记者虽然当天才报名,但获得主法人郭勇成妙慧上师特别通融,在不需验证记者的生辰八字之下就批准记者参与游地府之行,但郭法师强调能否成功下地府需看个人福报。
周六晚,众参加者也准时集聚在柑仔园大草场,共赴这场别开生面的地府游。至截稿为止,这项地府旅程仍在进行中。
七月游地府最合适 阴间放假不拥挤?
农历七月下地府一游最合适,因为地府的“居民”都上来人间了,环境没那么拥挤?
郭勇成透露,农历七月是游览地府的最好时机,因为地下的“居民”都放假了上来,下面的环境会宽松许多,不然会像夜市场一样拥挤。据了解,地府也和人间一样拥挤,甚至有过之而无不及,因此在农历七月时趁着地府放假下去逛逛,就如同避开旅游旺季去旅行一样写意。
同时,郭法师表示参与观落阴活动时,参与者身上会有微温的感觉,并且会感觉到下坠的压力,犹如从光大60层搭电梯下降时的体验。郭法师也透露,观音慈悲堂迟些还会举办“上天堂”的活动,让参与者感受到天堂与地府的两极差别。
“多次任‘游地府’导游” 郭勇成称连“天堂”也上过
法事主持郭勇成(妙慧上师)指出,共有200人报名参加“观落阴”,其中包括印度人、日本人,甚至有基督徒也慕名而来,惟只有约50名“有缘人”被录取,并获颁“地府”通行证。
他说,大部分人士皆因生辰八字显示"时间未到"而被拒。他继说,参与者必须提呈生辰八字予他审核,并确保身体状况佳方可参与,凡碰上月事女性、曾进入产房者都被视为不净,因此不宜参与。
然而,他指出,就算符合资格者也未必成功"游地府",原因是过度紧张也会受影响,惟他声称,本身多次担任"游地府"的导游,就连"天堂"也上过,因此要对他有信心及给予充分合作,必定成功游地府。他强调,大家不用担心"回不来",除非心脏病爆发身亡。
通知“好兄弟”协助引见亲人
郭勇成一再叮咛参与者,在“地府”见到阴灵时,可先向他确认,勿将“神”乱指成“鬼”而得罪阴灵。
郭勇成提醒大家,将希望见到的亲人姓名交给他,以便可以通知地府的“好兄弟”协助引见,然而他也提醒,大家必须拿出诚意与带路的"好兄弟"打交道,才会见到亲人。参与者也须身穿白衣,因白衣代表纯洁,并希望在“阴间”可去度化阴魂。
参与“观落阴”者每人收费238令吉,并在郭勇成主持下集体“游地府”,询及若当中有人未成功“下地府”会否影响到其他队友时,他表示不会,因为大家游地府的目的及方向不同,因此不会受影响。
相关照片
■ 郭勇成主持“观落阴,游地府”仪式。
■ 参加“观落阴,游地府”者,在下地府前需参与拜祭仪式。
■ 众信徒准备过阴阳界。
■ 游地府前的仪式现场,充满诡异的气氛,不过参与者都镇定地参与仪式。
Selamat Hari Raya Aidilfitri
I would like to wish a Selamat Hari Raya Aidilfitri to all our Muslim friends and happy holidays to all Malaysians and visitors abroad.
Drive safety for those of us who are driving home this weekend !
Saturday, August 6, 2011
祝大家七夕情人节快乐

七夕节或七巧节. 在我国,农历七月初七的夜晚,天气温暖,草木飘香,这就是人们俗称的七夕节,也有人称之为“乞巧节”或“女儿节”,这是中国传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日,也是过去姑娘们最为重视的日子。
在晴朗的夏秋之夜,天上繁星闪耀,一道白茫茫的银河横贯南北,争河的东西两岸,各有一颗闪亮的星星,隔河相望,遥遥相对,那就是牵牛星和织女星。 七夕坐看牵牛织女星,是民间的习俗,相传,在每年的这个夜晚,是天上织女与牛郎在鹊桥相会之时。织女是一个美丽聪明、心灵手巧的仙女,凡间的妇女便在这一天晚上向她乞求智慧和巧艺,也少不了向她求赐美满姻缘,所以七月初七也被称为乞巧节。
人们传说在七夕的夜晚,抬头可以看到牛郎织女的银河相会,或在瓜果架下可偷听到两人在天上相会时的脉脉情话。 女孩们在这个充满浪漫气息的晚上,对着天空的朗朗明月,摆上时令瓜果,朝天祭拜,乞求天上的女神能赋予她们聪慧的心灵和灵巧的双手,让自己的针织女红技法娴熟,更乞求爱情婚姻的姻缘巧配。过去婚姻对于女性来说是决定一生幸福与否的终身大事,所以,世间无数的有情男女都会在这个晚上,夜静人深时刻,对着星空祈祷自己的姻缘美满。
七夕节始终和牛郎织女的传说相连,这是一个很美丽的,千古流传的爱情故事,成为我国四大民间爱情传说之一 。
相传在很早以前,南阳城西牛家庄里有个聪明.忠厚的小伙子,父母早亡,只好跟着哥哥嫂子度日,嫂子马氏为人狠毒,经常虐待他,逼他干很多的活,一年秋天,嫂子逼他去放牛,给他九头牛,却让他等有了十头牛时才能回家,牛郎无奈只好赶着牛出了村。
牛郎独自一人赶着牛进了山,在草深林密的山上,他坐在树下伤心,不知道何时才能赶着十头牛回家,这时,有位须发皆白的老人出现在他的面前,问他为何伤心,当得知他的遭遇后,笑着对他说:“别难过,在伏牛山里有一头病倒的老牛,你去好好喂养它,等老牛病好以后,你就可以赶着它回家了。
牛郎翻山越岭,走了很远的路,终于找到了那头有病的老牛,他看到老牛病得厉害,就去给老牛打来一捆捆草,一连喂了三天,老牛吃饱了,才抬起头告诉他:自己本是天上的灰牛大仙,因触犯了天规被贬下天来,摔坏了腿,无法动弹。自己的伤需要用百花的露水洗一个月才能好,牛郎不畏辛苦,细心地照料了老牛一个月,白天为老牛采花接露水治伤,晚上依偎在老年身边睡觉,到老牛病好后,牛郎高高兴兴赶着十头牛回了家。
回家后,嫂子对他仍旧不好,曾几次要加害他,都被老牛设法相救,嫂子最后恼羞成怒把牛郎赶出家门,牛郎只要了那头老牛相随。
一天,天上的织女和诸仙女一起下凡游戏,在河里洗澡,牛郎在老牛的帮助下认识了织女,二人互生情意,后来织女便偷偷下凡,来到人间,做了牛郎的妻子。织女还把从天上带来的天蚕分给大家,并教大家养蚕,抽丝,织出又光又亮的绸缎。
牛郎和织女结婚后,男耕女织,情深意重,他们生了一男一女两个孩子,一家人生活得很幸福。但是好景不长,这事很快便让天帝知道,王母娘娘亲自下凡来,强行把织女带回天上,恩爱夫妻被拆散。牛郎上天无路,还是老牛告诉牛郎,在它死后,可以用它的皮做成鞋,穿着就可以上天。牛郎按照老牛的话做了,穿上牛皮做的鞋,拉着自己的儿女,一起腾云驾雾上天去追织女,眼见就要追到了,岂知王母娘娘拔下头上的金簪一挥,一道波涛汹涌的天河就出现了,牛郎和织女被隔在两岸,只能相对哭泣流泪。他们的忠贞爱情感动了喜鹊,千万只喜鹊飞来,搭成鹊桥,让牛郎织女走上鹊桥相会,王母娘娘对此也无奈,只好允许两人在每年七月七日于鹊桥相会。
后来,每到农历七月初七,相传牛郎织女鹊桥相会的日子,姑娘们就会来到花前月下,抬头仰望星空,寻找银河两边的牛郎星和织女星,希望能看到他们一年一度的相会,乞求上天能让自己能象织女那样心灵手巧,祈祷自己能有如意称心的美满婚姻,由此形成了七夕节。
Tuesday, August 2, 2011
大山脚埠众盂兰胜会庆典响锣 黄兴抱金炉行5公里至宝殿


(大山脚2日讯)全马最大尊大士爷金炉于农历七月初二晚上10时,在大山脚埠众盂兰胜会值年炉主黄兴及善信护送下,将金炉送回大士爷宝殿。全场5公里的路程,炉主黄兴以及善信们,至少花了约近40分钟便抵达,速度惊人。
炉主黄兴在位于武拉必的住家热闹庆祝一番后,并在10时出发,由黄兴抱着香火金炉,跟着往年的传统,一步一脚印地,步行至伯公埕大士爷宝殿,全程约5公里。
当晚也有许多政商届界的人士也陪同黄兴从武拉必的家中走向伯公埕大士宝殿,如林峰成行政议员贤伉俪、光大区州议员黄伟益、武拉必区州议员王国慧、国阵协调员刘一端以及陈德钦等。
此外, 巴当拉浪区州议员陈宗兴、市议员温维安、沈志强以及众善信,也一早在大士爷宝殿等侯金炉的到来。
金炉抵达大士爷宝殿后,由炉主敬酒奉茶,插上第一炷香后,逾百名在一旁等候的善信也争着上香。
随着金炉送往大士爷宝殿后,这也意味着农历初三开始,大士爷接受广大信徒膜拜,热闹庆典也随着响锣,一连15天热烈庆祝至农历七月十七日。
全马最大尊大士爷金身开光 展开15天庆典
全马最大尊大士爷金身于今日上午10时开光,在道士的诵经下,为大士爷金身眼睛点上红朱砂,也同时展开为期15天的庆典,许多善信也齐聚在大士爷宝殿前参与开光仪式,其中也包括大山脚国会议员章瑛。
一如往常的,日新独立中学的学生也在现场售卖彩票,以作为学校发展基金。
大山脚人祭拜大士爷的风俗已经有百年的历史,过去也曾经吸引外国摄制队前来拍摄大山脚人庆赞中元节的热闹气氛。
庆赞中元不忘慈善教育
而大山脚人在庆赞中元节时,也不忘华教与慈善发展,每年都会捐献给予区内的日新独中以及慈善团体。
相关照片
■ 道士为大士爷金身点上朱砂。
■ 政商界闻人争着上头炷香。
■ 黄兴手捧大士爷香炉,从武拉必住家走到大士爷宝殿,以示诚心。
■ 膜拜大士爷的龙香除了正副炉主、协理及众善信的龙香大香,整齐列坛前,最高的4支龙香8尺外,其他的龙香一律只有5尺高。
■ 众善信在金炉抵达大士爷宝殿后,立即诚心膜拜。
■ 大山脚大士爷庆典,就连印裔妇女也前来膜拜大士爷。
http://www.kwongwah.com.my/news/2011/08/02/141.html
Saturday, July 23, 2011
Penang Bridge International Marathon

The Penang Bridge International Marathon (PBIM) 2011 will take place on 20th November 2011 at the Queensbay Mall Outdoor Car Park.
You can register online or download the registration form and send it to us at Penang State Tourism Development and Culture Office, Level 53, KOMTAR.
You can also register at our newly opened registrations kiosks at the locations below:
1.Queensbay Mall North Atrium ( 1pm- 8pm)
2.Penang State Tourism Development and Culture Office , Level 53, KOMTAR
3.Pusat Khidmat Adun Batu Lanchang, 332-F-2, Jalan Perak.
The PBIM 2011 comprises of a full marathon, a half marathon, a 10k marathon and a fun run opened to those above the age of 13. If you do not run the full marathon, join the fun run with a distance of 10km!
Full, half and 10k marathons are competitive and will be timed. For competitive runs, running vest, bib, finishers’ medal and certificate will be given; while t-shirts and certificates will be given to fun runners.
All runners are entitled a chance to win a Proton Saga, the grand prize for lucky draw this year; or a motorcycle, the 2nd prize for lucky draw! Many more lucky draw prizes awaits!
Feel free to visit website http://www.penangmarathon.gov.my/ or call 04- 650 5136/ 016-411 0000 for more information
**LiangChai的话:
我已经报名参加Half Marathon (21 KM) 了,你报名了吗?呵呵...
Thursday, July 7, 2011
7 July 2011 - 2nd Anniversary George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site Celebration, Georgetown Heritage Site

Start: 7 Jul 2011 8:00 am
End: 7 Jul 2011 11:00 pm
Timezone: Asia/Kuala Lumpur
Event : 2nd Anniversary George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site Celebration
Date : 7 July 2011
Time :8am -11pm
Location : Georgetown Heritage Site
Streets Come Alive, Unforgettable George Town
2nd Anniversary George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site Celebration
Click here 'Street Come Alive' programme list
Date: 7th July 2011
Time: 8am - 11pm
Type: Streets Celebration
Venue: George Town Heritage Core Zone
Indulge yourself in a full day of events throughout George Town including street cultural performances by the multicultural communities of Penang, a heritage "trea-shaw" hunt, open house to public and private heritage buildings, a shophouse trail, cemetery tour, and boat rides at the clan jetties. In addition, don't miss the chance to learn and get your hands on a variety of traditional crafts and foods from the numerous street stalls.
All of these exciting events will lead into an Unforgettable George Town night featuring a performance by the director of Beijing Opera, Ghaffar Pourazar; an Iranian-born, British-raised former computer animator, turned Chinese Opera performer.
All programs are free of charge unless otherwise stated
Open House: Public and Private Heritage Buildings
Time: 9.00am-5.00pm
Ticket Prices: FREE
Location: Penang State Museum, Penang Islamic Museum, Konsenih Building (Equator Academy of Art), Segara Ninda Residence, Wisma Kastam, Eastern & Oriental Hotel, Penang Tourist Guide Association, Carpenter's Guild, Hai Nan Association, Eng Chuan Tong Tan Kongsi, Yap Kongsi, Cheah Si Hock Haw Kong Kongsi, Ong Si Thye Guan Tong, Lee Sih Chong Soo, Han Jiang Ancestral Temple (Penang Teochew Association), Tsen Lung Fui Kon, Poh Choo Seah, Hock Teik Cheng SinTemple, Town Hall, Lighthouse, World Heritage Office, Anak-anak Kota, Penang Heritage Trust-PAPA, Sun Yat Sen Penang Base (10.00am-12.00pm), The Sire (House of Yeap Chor Ee), and Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion (1.30-2.30pm, limited to 120 pax). In addition, many other sites in George Town will be open to the public including Indian and Chinese temples, mosques, churches, tombs, and shrines.
George Town Shophouse Trail
Time: 9.00am-10.30am & 11.00am-12.30pm
Ticket Prices: RM10 per route, limited to 20 persons per route (pre-registration)
Enquiries: Fidel Ho, Tel: 012-456 5867 or email:
fidelhoho@gmail.com
Visit some of the finest residential and commercial shophouses in George Town and learn more about this unique built heritage of Penang. We have two routes available for each time slot. Register for one route and participate in a rare guided tour of 6 shophouses. Even better, register for two routes and see all 12 shophouses! Tours are available in Chinese and English.
Cemetery Tour
Time: 2.00 pm & 3.00pm
Location: Protestant Cemetery, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah
Ticket prices: RM 20 (pre-registration)
Enquiries: Penang Heritage Trust, Tel: 04-264 2631
"Jom Naiki Sampan di Perairan Laut Clan Jetties!" - Boat Rides at the Clan Jetties!
Time: 8.30am-11.30am
Location: Yeoh Jetty, Pengkalan Weld
Ticket Prices: FREE - Register on the spot
Come enjoy the scenery of the Clan Jetties by boat "sampan-sampan"! Learn about the history of these unique Penang communities through live reenactments of the pre-1970 daily works and activities on the Clan Jetties.
Heritage "Trea-Shaw" Hunt
Time: 8.00am-1.00pm
Location: Flag-off at Town Hall / Esplanade
Ticket prices: RM388 - limited to 50 trishaws
Closing date for registration: 28 June
Enquiries: Ederic Low, Tel: 012-409 2539 or email: treashawhunt2010@gmail.com
Hop on a trishaw! Experience this fun and exciting way of exploring our rich heritage treasures of foods, costumes, trades, local personalities, and heritage buildings.
Unforgettable Cultural Experiences at Masjid Kapitan Keling
Time: 10:00am-11:00pm
Location: Masjid Kapitan Keling
Ticket Price: FREE
Time: 10.00am - 11.00pm
Exhibition on antiques and historical photographs.Time: 2.00pm-11.00pm
Interactive Indian-Muslim traditional food demonstrations including Nasi Kandar,
Nonbu Kanji, Kolkate, Somosa & Vadai, Idyiyappom, Passembor. Enjoy free porridge too!
"Golden of Dates" Exhibition on the historical and cultural significance of the date fruit.Time: 5.00pm - 7.00pm
Demonstration of traditional Muslim games like "pallaguli" and "pamberem"
Tour of Masjid Kapitan KelingTime: 5.00pm - 8.00pm
Teh Tarik demonstration - learn and try it out! Free flow of Teh Tarik.
Crafts demonstration and exhibition including "Poo Malai", a Muslim tradition that originates from India and the Muslim "Kopiah".
Original spices exhibition - Interactive demonstration on the use of spices in the preparation and cooking of Indian-Muslim dishes.
George Town Street Celebrations
Ticket Price: Free
Showcase of Traditional Food & Craft
Time: 5.00pm - 10.00pm
Location: Armenian Street, Jalan Masjid Kapitan Keling
Chinese lantern making, Wayang Kulit, Batik demonstration, Henna, Antiques, Shoe painting,Tshirt printing, Chinese calligraphy, Beaded crafts, Rattan and bamboo items, Nyonya Manik shoes, Chinese frog buttons, Baba Nyonya collection, Penang & Malaysia postcards, Handmade crafts, Traditional Chinese eye massage; food including Eurasian food and pastries, Thai laksa, preparation of Putu Mayom, Nutmeg juice, Nyonya cooking, and more!
Meng Eng Soo Open Day
Time: 5.00pm - 10.00pm
Location: Meng Eng Soo, Jalan Pintal Tali
Indoor: Exhibition on Meng Eng Soo history and tea presentation
Outdoor: "Peddlers Court", Cultural performances - Wushu, Tai Chi, street artists, Chinese Orchestra
Lion Dance Performance on High Poles
Time: 7.30pm - 9.30pm
Location: Cheah Kongsi, Armenian Street
Vintage Heritage Penang Postcards
Time: 10.00am-10.00pm
Location: Cheah Kongsi, Armenian Street
Exhibition of old postcards by Penang Philatelic Society
Chinese Cultural Performance and Demonstration
Time: 5.00pm - 10.30pm
Location: Penang Teochew Association, Chulia Street
Traditional Teochew opera performance, Lion and Dragon dance, Chinese Kung Fu
performance, Traditional craft skills of cane weaving and batik design, Chinese Tanglung craftworks, and multiracial cultural dances and songs.
Indian Dance & Music Performance at Little India
Time: 7.00pm-9.00pm
Location: Little India
Ticket Price: Free
Experience and enjoy Indian Cultural Dance performance, Sitar & Tabla Performance, Kollattam & Horse dance, Nadeswaram & Urimimellam at Little India!
Malay Heritage Cultural Performance & Demonstration
Time: 5.00pm-12.00am
Location: Penang Islamic Museum, Armenian Street
Ticket prices: FREE
The Acheen Street Mosque (Masjid Melayu Lebuh Acheh), Koperasi Pelancongan, Islamic Museum, Boyanese community, Liga Muslim Pulau Pinang and other Malay groups will be showcasing traditional Malay performances including Nasyid, Marhaban, Kompang, Silat, Khat, Boria, Ghazal Parti, Sketches and Traditional Malay music and dance. Also on exhibition will be traditional Malay kuih-muih, bunga telur, hantaran, and a historical exhibition of Masjid Melayu.
An Evening of Unforgettable George Town Cultural Performances
Time: 5.00pm-9.00pm
Location: Khoo Kongsi
Ticket Price: FREE
Cultural performances from the different ethnic communities of George Town, Penang as well as international acts!
Featuring: Ghaffar Pourazar and Morimura Chie performing Beijing opera, Batak singers from Indonesia, Traditional Punjabi Vidda dance, Punjabi drumming, Indian cultural performances including Baratha Natyam, folk dances, stick dance, Kavadi dance, Silambam, fire eating, and juggling, as well as cultural performances from Penang's Malayali, Eurasian, Thai, and Penang Baba Nyonya communities.
Highlights
Ghaffar Pourazar and Morimura Chie - Beijing Opera
Ghaffar Pourazar, an Iranian-born, British-raised, former computer animator turned Chinese Opera performer, and Chie Morimura, a Japanese woman who is a founding member of the International Centre for Peking Opera - will stage a short excerpt from one of the most famous plays, "The Monkey King," based on stories of the mythical Chinese figure on 7 July, 5pm-9pm at Khoo Kongsi.
Saturday, June 25, 2011
日本盆舞节 Bon Odori Festival 2011
(槟城23日讯)万众期待的2011年槟州日本盆舞节(Bon Odori)又要来咯!
Penang Bon Odori Festival
Date: 16 July 2011
Time: 6pm-11pm
Venue: Esplanade, Penang
Fireworks: 10.00 pm sharp

是项活动将于7月16日下午6时开始至晚上11时在旧关仔角热烈引爆,届时预料吸引超过6万人次参与其盛。 然而今年盆舞节重点节目则包括来自名古屋的日本舞蹈团(Samurai Maeda Toshiie Ondo Mai)、日本著名歌剧歌手藏野兰子及来自篠山的舞蹈团(Sasayama Dekansho Dance Wakamono Ren),将为民众呈献歌曲及精湛舞蹈。
另外,日本驻槟首席领事谷口裕子表示,当天还会有槟城日本人学校、槟城日本人协会、粉红木槿花队、来自北马3所学校的百名日语班大马学生等等参与演出。她说,今年盆舞节的一大特色是日本人将与大马人一起呈献有趣的日本素兰舞。
谷口裕子是与槟州旅游发展委员会主席罗兴强行政议员召开记者会时,如是指出。 罗兴强则表示,盆舞节入场免费,惟有兴趣一尝和风美食的公众,可到寿司王(Sushi King)分店、部分日本餐馆及酒店、光大53楼槟州旅游发展委员会办事处、加马购物中心及联办单位购取每套价值20令吉的固本。他说,现场也设有旋转日餐料理座席,以及琳琅满目各种日餐和本地美食。他补充,当天将有66个美食摊位、14个纪念品摊位、10个游戏摊位及鬼屋。
他指出,今年大会所设幸运奖应有尽有,然而他透露,目前仍然欢迎商家赞助幸运抽奖。他说,今年有关盛会也将举办摄影比赛,奖金则是首奖500令吉、二奖300令吉、三奖100令吉及5份安慰奖50令吉。他提及,欲参加者可前往www.visitpenang.gov.my下载表格报名参加或直接到该部填写表格。
日本盆舞节是由槟州政府、槟日本总领事馆、马日协会、槟留日学会、槟日本语协会、马来西亚海外日本技术协会(AOTS)及槟日本人协会联办。与此同时,大会也宣布,日本盆舞节委员会及龙城酒店于今年4月10日举办的义卖会成功为日本海啸地震的灾民筹获3万3000令吉,其中包括日本盆舞节委员捐献的5000令吉,龙城酒店代表也在记者会现场移交支票予谷口裕子,并由罗兴强见证。欲知更多详情,请拨电热线号码016-4110000、04-6505136、04-2619012。
盆舞节又称日本鬼节
另一方面,日本盆舞节(Bon Odori,日本人称之为“盆踊”),又称日本鬼节,类似华人的清明节和中元节,源自日本人祭祖先忆亡魂的情怀。 盆舞节里的“盆”字在日语里,解释为“时节”或“节令”。
盆舞节最主要的目的,是敬奉以及欢迎先人灵魂“重返人间”,让活人和离去的亡魂一同相聚、共舞。
相关照片
■ 来自名古屋的日本舞蹈团(Samurai Maeda Toshiie Ondo Mai)将莅临大马呈献精湛表演。
[光华日报]
Penang Bon Odori Festival
Date: 16 July 2011
Time: 6pm-11pm
Venue: Esplanade, Penang
Fireworks: 10.00 pm sharp

是项活动将于7月16日下午6时开始至晚上11时在旧关仔角热烈引爆,届时预料吸引超过6万人次参与其盛。 然而今年盆舞节重点节目则包括来自名古屋的日本舞蹈团(Samurai Maeda Toshiie Ondo Mai)、日本著名歌剧歌手藏野兰子及来自篠山的舞蹈团(Sasayama Dekansho Dance Wakamono Ren),将为民众呈献歌曲及精湛舞蹈。
另外,日本驻槟首席领事谷口裕子表示,当天还会有槟城日本人学校、槟城日本人协会、粉红木槿花队、来自北马3所学校的百名日语班大马学生等等参与演出。她说,今年盆舞节的一大特色是日本人将与大马人一起呈献有趣的日本素兰舞。
谷口裕子是与槟州旅游发展委员会主席罗兴强行政议员召开记者会时,如是指出。 罗兴强则表示,盆舞节入场免费,惟有兴趣一尝和风美食的公众,可到寿司王(Sushi King)分店、部分日本餐馆及酒店、光大53楼槟州旅游发展委员会办事处、加马购物中心及联办单位购取每套价值20令吉的固本。他说,现场也设有旋转日餐料理座席,以及琳琅满目各种日餐和本地美食。他补充,当天将有66个美食摊位、14个纪念品摊位、10个游戏摊位及鬼屋。
他指出,今年大会所设幸运奖应有尽有,然而他透露,目前仍然欢迎商家赞助幸运抽奖。他说,今年有关盛会也将举办摄影比赛,奖金则是首奖500令吉、二奖300令吉、三奖100令吉及5份安慰奖50令吉。他提及,欲参加者可前往www.visitpenang.gov.my下载表格报名参加或直接到该部填写表格。
日本盆舞节是由槟州政府、槟日本总领事馆、马日协会、槟留日学会、槟日本语协会、马来西亚海外日本技术协会(AOTS)及槟日本人协会联办。与此同时,大会也宣布,日本盆舞节委员会及龙城酒店于今年4月10日举办的义卖会成功为日本海啸地震的灾民筹获3万3000令吉,其中包括日本盆舞节委员捐献的5000令吉,龙城酒店代表也在记者会现场移交支票予谷口裕子,并由罗兴强见证。欲知更多详情,请拨电热线号码016-4110000、04-6505136、04-2619012。
盆舞节又称日本鬼节
另一方面,日本盆舞节(Bon Odori,日本人称之为“盆踊”),又称日本鬼节,类似华人的清明节和中元节,源自日本人祭祖先忆亡魂的情怀。 盆舞节里的“盆”字在日语里,解释为“时节”或“节令”。
盆舞节最主要的目的,是敬奉以及欢迎先人灵魂“重返人间”,让活人和离去的亡魂一同相聚、共舞。
相关照片
■ 来自名古屋的日本舞蹈团(Samurai Maeda Toshiie Ondo Mai)将莅临大马呈献精湛表演。
[光华日报]
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)

















